Influence of a Dual Axis IoT- Based Off-Grid Solar Tracking System and Wheatstone Bridge on Efficient Energy Harvesting and Management
Shamim Forhad *
University of Scholars (IUS), Bangladesh.
Md Shahadat Hossen
Gannon University (GU), United States.
Shibly Noman
American International University-Bangladesh (AIUB), Bangladesh.
Iffat Ara Diba
BRAC University (BRAC), Bangladesh.
Fuad Mahmud
Gannon University (GU), United States.
Md. Oli Ullah
Institute of Science, Trade & Technology (ISTT), Bangladesh.
Suraiya Hossain
Military Institute of Science and Technology (MIST), Bangladesh.
Md. Riazat Kabir Shuvo
North South University (NSU), Bangladesh.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Addressing the increasing need for sustainable energy solutions, this study presents an advanced dual-axis solar tracking system tailored for Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh (23.8123° N, 90.3740° E). By integrating Internet of Things (IoT) based intelligent power management and automated panel cleaning, we aim to optimize the efficiency of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. Our design significantly outperforms traditional fixed PV setups, achieving an average voltage improvement of about 18.59% throughout the day. Real-time data monitoring showcases the system's adaptability, with Solar Voltage (SV) and Solar Current (SC) standard deviations recorded at 1.059 and 0.058, respectively. This system not only captures sunlight more efficiently but also ensures self-maintenance, reducing manual intervention. The integration of IoT capabilities provides real-time feedback and adaptability. With a small household size of 4-6 members and a basic electricity demand as a prototype version, the study reveals promising results for sustainable energy solutions. In future integrating a Microgrid system for improved energy distribution and storage, alongside implementing a smart fuzzy logic-based tracking system to optimize solar panel orientation for maximum power generation.
Keywords: Dual axis, solar tracking, panel cleaning, smart power management
How to Cite
Downloads
References
Strielkowski Wadim, Lubomír Civín, Elena Tarkhanova, Manuela Tvaronavičienė, Yelena Petrenko. Renewable energy in the sustainable development of electrical power sector: A review. Energies. 2021;14(24):8240. Available:https://doi.org/10.3390/en14248240
Amelia AR, et al. IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 2020;767:012052. DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/767/1/012052.
Muthukumar P, Manikandan S, Muniraj R, Jarin T. Ann Sebi, Energy efficient dual axis solar tracking system using IOT, Measurement: Sensors. 2023;28: 100825,ISSN 2665-9174, Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measen.2023.100825
Rokonuzzaman Md., Mohammad Shakeri, Fazrena Azlee Hamid, Mahmuda Khatun Mishu, Jagadeesh Pasupuleti, Kazi Sajedur Rahman, Sieh Kiong Tiong, Nowshad Amin. IoT-Enabled high efficiency smart solar charge controller with maximum power point tracking—Design, hardware implementation and performance testing. Electronics. 2020;9(8):1267. Available:https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9081267
Saeedi M, Effatnejad R. A new design of dual-axis solar tracking system with LDR sensors by using the wheatstone bridge circuit, in IEEE Sensors Journal. 2021; 21(13):14915-14922. DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2021.3072876
Suryanto A, et al. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 2021;700:012016 DOI 10.1088/1755-1315/700/1/012016
Sandhiya B, Raja S, Raja R, Ethiraj M, Rasool MI. Internet of things based dual axis solar tracking system. In AIP Conference Proceedings AIP Publishing. 2024;2802(1).
Udit Mamodiya, Neeraj Tiwari. Dual-axis solar tracking system with different control strategies for improved energy efficiency,Computers and Electrical Engineering,Volume 111, Part A. 2023;108920. ISSN 0045-7906. Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2023.108920
Muthukumar P, Manikandan S, Muniraj R, Jarin T, Ann Sebi. Energy efficient dual axis solar tracking system using IOT,Measurement: Sensors. 2023;28:100825. ISSN 2665-9174. Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measen.2023.100825
Kim, Gi Yong, Doo Sol Han, Zoonky Lee. Solar panel tilt angle optimization using machine learning model: A case study of Daegu City, South Korea. Energies. 2020;13(3):529. Available:https://doi.org/10.3390/en13030529.
El Hammoumi A, Motahhir S, El Ghzizal A, Derouich A. Internet of things-based solar tracker system. In: Motahhir, S., Eltamaly, A.M. (eds) Advanced Technologies for Solar Photovoltaics Energy Systems. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, Cham; 2021. Available:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64565-6_4.
Timothy Laseinde, Dominic Ramere. Low-cost automatic multi-axis solar tracking system for performance improvement in vertical support solar panels using Arduino board. International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies. 2019;14(1):76–82. Available:https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/cty058
Barbón A, Fernández-Rubiera JA, Martínez-Valledor L, Pérez-Fernández A, Bayón L. Design and construction of a solar tracking system for small-scale linear Fresnel reflector with three movements. Applied Energy, Elsevier. 2021;285(C).
Thungsuk, Nuttee, Thaweesak Tanaram, Arckarakit Chaithanakulwat, Teerawut Savangboon, Apidat Songruk, Narong Mungkung, Theerapong Maneepen, Somchai Arunrungrusmi, Wittawat Poonthong, Nat Kasayapanand, et al. Performance analysis of solar tracking systems by five-position angles with a single axis and dual axis. Energies. 2023;16(16):5869. Available:https://doi.org/10.3390/en16165869.
Brahmaiah V Siva, B, Rajkiran, Sharma Pradeep. An Intellectual dual axis efficient solar tracking system by using IoT integrated controller (February 21, 2020). Proceedings of the 4th International Conference: Innovative Advancement in Engineering & Technology (IAET); 2020. Available:https://ssrn.com/abstract=3554005 or Available:http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3554005.
Mohamed Elhamy, Adel M, Gamal A, Rashad Sonya, Hamdy Alaa, Hashem Essam. Design and Implementation of Sun Tracking System; 2016.
Mojumder MH, Hasanuzzaman M, Cuce E. Prospects and challenges of renewable energy-based microgrid system in Bangladesh: A comprehensive review. Clean Techn Environ Policy. 2022;24:1987–2009. Available:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-022-02301-5
International Energy Agency. Electricity market report 2020; [Online]. Available:https://www.iea.org/reports/electricity-market-report-2020 [Accessed: Apr. 29, 2023].
Nagarajan PR, George B, Kumar VJ. A linearizing digitizer for wheatstone bridge based signal conditioning of resistive sensors. IEEE Sensors Journal. 2017; 17(6):1696– 1705.
Wang M, Lu CL. Design and implementation of a sun tracker with a dual-axis single motor for an optical sensor-based photovoltaic system. Sensors. 2013;13(3):3157–3168.
Cibira G, Koščová M. Photovoltaic module parameters acquisition model. Applied Surface Science. 2014;312:74–80. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.05.080